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This section contains important GCSE O level Chemistry revision notes made for the Cambridge and Zimsec exam boards, covering all the topics and modules. Chemistry is a subdiscipline of science that deals with the study of matter and the substances that constitute it.
How to Write Chemical Formula of Binary Covalent Compounds In this post we will talk about How to Write Chemical Formula of Binary Covalent Compounds. Covalent compounds generally contain only nonmetals. When naming covalent compounds, the last word in the name of a covalent compound usually has an -ide suffix along with a multiplying prefix….
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What is a Universal Indicator? Universal Indicator is a chemical used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance. A universal indicator is basically a pH indicator. It is a mixture of several compounds that exhibits several smooth colour changes over a wide range of pH values. pH is a measurement of the acidity…
Properties of alkali metals Alkali metals are Group I metals on the Periodic Table and have a 1 electron in the outer shells of each of their atom. Alkali metals belong to the s-block metals of the Periodic Table and they only have one electron in their outer shell. Examples of alkali metals are: lithium…
Properties and uses of Hydrogen gas Electronic configuration of hydrogen Properties of hydrogen gas colourless odourless tasteless slightly soluble in water neutral to litmus lightest known gas 14.4 times less denser than air highly flammable Laboratory preparation of hydrogen Procedure: Setup the apparatus as shown above. In the conical flask add a fairly reactive metal…
Properties and uses of Oxygen gas Properties of oxygen gas colourless odourless tasteless slightly soluble in water neutral to litmus 1.1 times denser than air does not burn supports combustion Test for oxygen gas To test whether a gas is oxygen or not, dip a glowing splint in the gas. Oxygen will relight a glowing…
What are oxidation numbers? An oxidation number or oxidation state is a number assigned to each atom or ion in a compound to show its degree of oxidation. Oxidation numbers can be positive, negative or zero. It is important to note that the + or – sign should always be included. The higher the oxidation…
Factors affecting rate of reaction There are several factors that can speed up or slow down a reaction, and some of these factors are: Concentration of the reactants Temperature of the reactants Surface area or particle size of the reactants Presence of a catalyst Pressure of the reactants if they are gaseous Light How concentration…
What is a chemical reaction? A chemical reaction is a process that rearranges given chemical substances into other chemical substances. Changes due to chemical reactions involve the formation and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms due to changes in the arrangement of outer electrons, without affecting the nucleons in the nucleus. A chemical reaction can…
Writing Chemical Formula of ionic Compounds (O level Chemistry) Writing chemical formula and naming chemical compounds are some of the things O level chemistry students find challenging. This post is all about addressing the challenges faced by students when writing chemical formula and naming chemical compounds. Naming binary ionic compounds Binary ionic compounds contain only…
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Some Important Chemical Reactions you should know (O level chemistry) Ionisation of elements Ionisation of Group 1 elements (alkaline metals) Atoms of Group 1 elements have 1 electron in the outer shell, so they ionise by losing 1 electron to form a positively charged ion of charge +1. This is oxidation because it involves loss…
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